Panama has long been the go-to jurisdiction for international holding companies, wealth protection, and regional LatAm operations. When you incorporate in Panama, you’re tapping into a territorial tax system that charges 0% on foreign-sourced income, a robust free trade zone infrastructure, and one of the most battle-tested corporate privacy frameworks in the world. The catch? That reputation took a beating after the Panama Papers, and banking relationships have tightened considerably since then. But the fundamentals still work.
This guide walks through the exact mechanics of how to incorporate in Panama: which entity types actually make sense, what the tax picture looks like in 2026, how much you’ll spend to set up and maintain a corporation, and why the Private Interest Foundation (PPIF) has quietly become the real heavyweight in Panamanian wealth structures.
Why Incorporate in Panama Right Now
Panama’s value proposition boils down to three things: no tax on foreign income, a fast and inexpensive incorporation process, and a legal framework that treats corporate entities as genuinely separate from their owners. That last part matters more than most offshore guides admit. When you incorporate in Panama, the courts and the law treat your corporation as a distinct person with its own assets, income, and liabilities.
The territorial tax system is the heavy hitter. If your Panama corporation earns income from sources outside Panama, the Panamanian government charges you exactly zero tax on that income. Zero. A US corporation pays 21% federal tax on all worldwide income. A UK company pays 25% on global profits. But when you incorporate in Panama and route international income through a Panama holding company, that income sits untaxed. The corporation can reinvest it, lend it back to you interest-free, or hold it until you decide what to do with it.
Timeline is the second advantage. You can incorporate in Panama in under 10 business days. Most jurisdictions take 30 to 60 days. That speed matters when you’re setting up a regional holding company or need to move quickly on a transaction.
The third advantage is less obvious but more valuable for serious wealth structures. Panama allows you to create a Private Interest Foundation, which we’ll cover in depth below. This is not a charity. It’s a wealth protection vehicle that can hold the shares of your Panama corporation. Your personal assets go into the foundation’s separate patrimony, where they’re protected from your creditors (and your beneficiaries’ creditors) and taxed on foreign income at exactly zero percent.
Which Entity Type To Choose When You Incorporate in Panama
When you decide to incorporate in Panama, the jurisdiction offers several entity types. Most people don’t use all of them. Let me walk you through the ones that actually matter.
SA (Sociedad Anónima): The Standard Play
The SA is the most common entity type to incorporate in Panama. Think of it as Panama’s version of a corporation. It offers limited liability, meaning shareholders aren’t personally responsible for the company’s debts. You can have as few as one shareholder, or as many as you want. Directors can be individuals or corporate entities. The annual franchise tax is $300.
When you incorporate in Panama as an SA, you’ve got a few setup options. You can use real names and addresses for directors, or you can appoint nominee directors who are professional stand-ins provided by your formation agent. Nominee directors cost about $150 each per year, but they keep your personal name off the public registry. Before 2015, you could hide behind bearer shares. That ship has sailed. Law 18 of 2015 immobilized all bearer shares, meaning they must now be held by an authorized custodian and registered. The anonymity angle is dead.
SAs are ideal for international holding companies, trading entities, and real estate ventures. If you’re running operations across multiple countries and routing income through a Panama-based structure, the SA is your workhorse.
SRL (Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada): Simpler, Less Common
An SRL is Panama’s version of an LLC. It’s simpler to set up than an SA, offers the same limited liability, and costs less to maintain. The downside? Banks and business counterparties outside Panama are less familiar with SRLs. They recognize an SA. When you incorporate in Panama and anticipate doing business with international banks or trading partners, the SA is usually the safer choice. SRLs make sense for small domestic operations or special-purpose holding entities within a larger structure.
Private Interest Foundation (Fundación de Interés Privado): The Wealth Architecture Play
This is where Panama gets interesting. A Private Interest Foundation is not a corporation. It’s a separate legal entity that exists specifically to hold assets, provide privacy, and offer creditor protection that individual holding companies cannot match.
Here’s the structure: A PPIF has no owners. It has a founder who creates it and designates beneficiaries who can receive income or assets. The foundation’s assets form a separate patrimony, legally distinct from the founder’s personal estate. This means creditors of the founder cannot seize the foundation’s assets. Even more valuable, creditors of the beneficiaries cannot touch foundation assets either, because the foundation itself owns the assets, not the beneficiaries.
After the foundation holds assets for three years, those assets become non-freezable. Law enforcement or court orders from other countries cannot freeze or seize them. This is genuine asset protection, not offshore secrecy.
The tax treatment is what closes the deal. A PPIF that invests in foreign securities, rents property outside Panama, or holds a Panama corporation’s shares pays zero tax on foreign-sourced income. Transfers into the foundation are not taxable events. That means you can move assets into the foundation without triggering income tax or transfer tax. You can do it once, and the assets compound tax-free forever (on the foreign-sourced portion).
The typical structure pairs a PPIF with an SA. You incorporate in Panama as an SA, then the SA’s shares are held by a PPIF. The foundation owns the corporation. The corporation runs the business or holds investments. You get corporate liability protection from the SA, plus creditor shielding and tax advantages from the PPIF. This is the gold standard for international wealth management.
Law 25 of 1995 governs PPIFs. The framework is specific, battle-tested, and recognized by courts throughout the region. Setting up a PPIF adds cost and complexity compared to a bare SA, but if you’re protecting significant assets, it’s worth every penny.
Tax System: The Real Numbers
Panama’s tax system is territorial. That means the government taxes income based on where it’s earned, not where the corporation is incorporated.
| Tax Type | Rate | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Corporate income (Panama-source) | 25% | Applies only to income earned in Panama or from Panama-based activities |
| Corporate income (foreign-source) | 0% | No tax on foreign-source income. This is the main advantage. |
| Minimum tax (for revenue >$1.5M) | Greater of standard or 4.67% of gross taxable income | Backstop tax applies if gross revenue exceeds $1.5M annually |
| Dividend distributions | 10% | Withheld when profits are distributed to shareholders |
| VAT (ITBMS) | 7% | Applied to certain goods and services within Panama |
| Annual franchise tax | $300 | Due June 30. Non-negotiable, must be paid to maintain corporate status. |
| Wealth tax | None | Panama does not impose wealth, net worth, or inheritance taxes |
Let me break this down with a real example. Say you incorporate in Panama and operate an e-commerce business. You sell products internationally and route all revenue through your Panama SA. That foreign-sourced income is taxed at 0%. You pay zero corporate income tax on the revenue. The only annual charge is the $300 franchise tax.
Now suppose the same company earns 10% of its revenue from local Panama operations (warehousing, local sales). That Panama-source portion gets taxed at 25%. The foreign portion stays at 0%. This is why transparency matters when you incorporate in Panama. You need to clearly separate your Panama-source income from foreign-source income.
There’s a catch called the minimum tax. If your corporation’s gross revenue exceeds $1.5 million annually, Panama requires you to pay the greater of either: the normal 25% corporate income tax, or 4.67% of your gross taxable income. This is a backstop. For many legitimate international businesses, this doesn’t trigger because most of the revenue is foreign-sourced and therefore exempt anyway. But if you’re running significant Panama domestic operations, the minimum tax is real.
PPIFs have better tax treatment. Income earned by assets held in a PPIF (foreign-source interest, dividends, capital gains) is completely tax-exempt in Panama. No corporate tax. No dividend tax. This is why you see sophisticated international structures pair a PPIF with an SA. The SA generates the income, the PPIF holds the shares, and the foreign-source income compounds tax-free within the PPIF.
How To Incorporate in Panama: Step-by-Step Process
The actual mechanics of how to incorporate in Panama are refreshingly straightforward. The whole process takes under 10 business days from start to finish. Here are the nine steps.
What Incorporating in Panama Actually Costs
Let me be blunt about costs. When you incorporate in Panama, you’re not paying for secrecy or complexity. You’re paying for speed, legitimacy, and a working tax advantage. The price is reasonable, but it’s not free.
| Cost Category | Year 1 | Ongoing Annual | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Legal incorporation (attorney fees) | $1,300–$2,600 | N/A | Varies by complexity. Higher if incorporating as PPIF or multi-layer structure. |
| Government filing fees | $300–$600 | N/A | Registry fees and notarization. One-time cost. |
| Resident agent fee | $350–$500 | $150–$500 | Required annually. Some agents charge higher in Year 1. |
| Franchise tax | $300 | $300 | Due June 30 every year. Non-discretionary. |
| Nominee directors (if used) | $150 per director | $150 per director | Optional. Only if you want names kept off public registry. |
| Accounting/compliance | $0–$800 | $150–$800 | Optional. Only if using local accountant. DIY costs nothing. |
| Total Year 1 | $1,950–$3,400 | N/A | Lower end assumes one shareholder, no nominee directors, no accountant |
| Total Ongoing | N/A | $450–$950 | Resident agent $150–$500, franchise $300, filing $0–$150 |
If you incorporate in Panama as a simple SA with a single shareholder and no nominee directors, you’re looking at roughly $2,000 to $2,500 in Year 1, then $450 to $600 annually. That’s genuinely cheap for a legitimate international corporate vehicle.
If you layer in a Private Interest Foundation plus an SA, add $2,000 to $4,000 in the first year for the PPIF setup and more complex documentation. Annual costs climb to $1,000 to $1,500 because you’re maintaining two entities and potentially more accounting.
Banking setup itself is now where the real cost lives in 2026. If you need a corporate bank account in Panama, expect to spend time on documentation and possibly use a banking intermediary. Remote banking from some jurisdictions is now possible, but the KYC process is thorough and will push your timeline.
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Banking After You Incorporate in Panama
Banking is where many people hit a brick wall after they incorporate in Panama. The jurisdiction itself is fine, but getting money in and out has become a real challenge.
Panama hosts 54 active banks, making it one of the more robust banking hubs in Latin America. Financial liquidity sits at 52%, and solvency ratios are solid at 15%. These banks are real institutions, not sketchy offshore outfits. Banco Latinoamericano de Exportaciones, Banco del Pacifico, and Banco Nacional de Panamá are legitimate regional players.
The problem is post-Panama Papers compliance. After the leak exposed thousands of obscure Panamanian corporations with murky ownership structures, every major bank tightened KYC (Know Your Customer) and AML (Anti-Money Laundering) procedures. When you incorporate in Panama now and approach a bank, expect to provide:
- Detailed beneficial ownership information (not just nominees)
- Source of funds documentation
- Business purpose and anticipated transaction volume
- Personal tax returns or financial statements (yours, as the beneficial owner)
- Proof of residence (address verification)
- Industry-specific documentation if in high-risk sectors
The process is bureaucratic and documentation-heavy. Some banks now require personal appearance by the beneficial owner, which defeats the privacy angle entirely. Expect timelines of 4 to 8 weeks from application to account opening, not the quick turnaround that existed a decade ago.
Remote account opening is expanding in 2026, particularly for fintech and neobanks, but the big traditional Panama banks still want in-person verification for substantial accounts. This matters if you incorporate in Panama and plan to route significant capital through the corporate account immediately.
One silver lining: cryptocurrency-friendly banks and USD stablecoin rails are reducing the dependence on traditional banking. Some firms that incorporate in Panama now maintain crypto custody or stablecoin holdings rather than traditional bank accounts, which sidesteps the banking approval process entirely. It’s not ideal for everyone, but it’s an option.
Common Myths About Bearer Shares and Privacy
Dead simple: bearer shares in Panama no longer exist as a privacy tool. Law 18 of 2015 immobilized all bearer shares, meaning they must be registered and held by an authorized custodian. They’re no longer anonymous instruments.
This was the biggest change to incorporate in Panama since the 1990s. Before 2015, you could issue bearer shares (physical share certificates with no named owner) and hide ownership completely. That’s gone. All shares are now registered. The Public Registry has access to beneficial ownership information, which is now automatically exchanged with other countries under the Common Reporting Standard.
If you’re considering incorporating in Panama because you think you can hide money anonymously, don’t. CRS (Common Reporting Standard) participation means Panama automatically shares financial account information with over 100 countries. Anonymity is not part of the value proposition anymore.
What you get instead is legitimate corporate separation, tax efficiency on foreign income, and creditor protection. That’s real. It’s just not secretive.
Panama’s Free Trade Zones: Real Infrastructure Play
If you’re incorporating in Panama for operations rather than just holding company purposes, the free trade zones are worth understanding. These are special economic areas where you can import, store, process, and export goods with zero duty.
The Colon Free Zone is the oldest and largest. It covers 600 acres, hosts over 2,500 registered companies, and is the largest free trade zone in the Western Hemisphere. You can import electronics, machinery, textiles, and pharmaceuticals duty-free, store them indefinitely, and re-export them. The infrastructure is solid and the logistics network is mature.
Panama Pacifico is newer, covering 3,450 acres on the Pacific side. It hosts over 160 companies, including major names like Dell, 3M, and BASF. It focuses on technology, services, and high-value-added manufacturing, not just warehousing.
City of Knowledge is a smaller zone focused on education, research, and innovation. It’s home to 200-plus organizations including universities, tech incubators, and research centers.
If you incorporate in Panama and plan to run logistics, distribution, or import-export operations, these zones are legitimate infrastructure advantages. They’re not secrecy tools. They’re tax and duty benefits on real business activity.
Beyond Panama, you might need to incorporate in multiple jurisdictions as part of a layered international structure. TaxFreeCompanies provides formation support across dozens of offshore jurisdictions, helping you structure corporations in combinations that maximize tax efficiency and asset protection.
Substance Requirements and Annual Compliance
When you incorporate in Panama, you must maintain a registered office and a registered agent. This is non-negotiable. The registered office is a physical address in Panama (can be your agent’s office). The registered agent is typically a law firm or corporate services company licensed to operate in Panama.
You don’t need to have employees or conduct business from the office. It’s a compliance requirement, not a practical operating location. Most firms that incorporate in Panama have their registered office at their formation agent’s address.
Board meetings can be held virtually. Officers and directors don’t need to be in Panama. You can conduct all operational business remotely. The only physical requirement is the registered office address for legal service of documents.
Accounting records must be maintained in Panama for five years. These don’t need to be physically stored in-country (digitally stored is fine), but they must be available for inspection if authorities request them. Most firms use cloud storage and maintain records in English and Spanish.
An annual Profit and Loss Statement and Statement of Shareholders must be filed with the Public Registry within 90 days of your fiscal year end. If you don’t generate significant Panama-source income, the financial statements can be simple. The real requirement is that they exist and are filed on time.
The franchise tax ($300) is the most tangible ongoing compliance point. If you miss it, your corporate status lapses. Set a June 30 calendar reminder and pay it. It’s non-negotiable.
How to Incorporate in Panama vs. Other Jurisdictions
Panama isn’t the only jurisdiction worth considering. Here’s how it stacks up against real competitors.
| Jurisdiction | Corporate Tax | Annual Cost | Formation Time | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panama (SA) | 0% foreign-source, 25% Panama-source | $450–$950 | 10 days | Regional LatAm ops, holding companies, foreign-source income |
| BVI | 0% worldwide | $1,100–$1,500 | 3–5 days | International holding companies, asset protection, simplicity |
| Nevis | 0% worldwide | $1,200–$1,800 | 7–10 days | Charging order protection, LLC structures, aggressive asset defense |
| UAE Free Zone | 0% worldwide | $2,500–$4,000 | 5–10 days | Middle East ops, modern infrastructure, banking ease |
| Portugal Madeira | 5% (time-limited) | $1,500–$2,500 | 15–30 days | EU treaty access, residency pathway, legitimate European base |
BVI is simpler and cheaper long-term ($1,100 annually vs Panama’s $450+). It also has 0% tax on worldwide income, not just foreign-source. But BVI has tighter beneficial ownership disclosure now (thanks to Common Reporting Standard), and it’s a commodity jurisdiction. Panama offers better regional infrastructure and PPIF asset protection advantages.
Nevis is stronger for asset protection because of its LLC structure and charging order immunity. If creditor protection is your primary concern, Nevis might outweigh Panama.
UAE free zones offer better banking relationships and zero global tax, but formation costs are higher and you need a physical presence for legitimacy.
Portugal Madeira is interesting if you want EU treaty access and a legitimate European tax residency angle. It’s not zero tax, but 5% is still competitive.
The decision depends on your actual business. If you’re running international operations and need LatAm credibility, Panama wins. If you want absolute simplicity and lowest cost, BVI wins. If you need aggressive asset protection from charging orders, Nevis wins.
Who Should and Shouldn’t Incorporate in Panama
Panama is perfect for some people and completely wrong for others. Let me be clear about who benefits and who’s wasting money.
You Should Incorporate in Panama If
- You’re running international operations with significant foreign-source income. The 0% tax on foreign income is real and valuable.
- You need a holding company to own subsidiaries or investments across multiple countries.
- You want legitimate asset protection via a PPIF foundation structure.
- You’re setting up a LatAm regional headquarters or operations base.
- You need credibility with international counterparties and banks. Panama corporations are recognized globally.
- You’re in distribution, logistics, or import-export and can use free trade zones.
You Shouldn’t Incorporate in Panama If
- Your business is primarily based in Panama. You’ll face 25% corporate tax, wiping out the advantage.
- You’re seeking anonymity. CRS eliminated that benefit. Beneficial ownership is now automatically shared.
- You need EU banking relationships or EU treaty access. Panama has limited treaties with European jurisdictions.
- You’re looking for a cheap privacy structure without legitimate business purpose. That’s not how Panama works anymore.
- You’re a US person trying to dodge US taxation. US persons are taxed on worldwide income regardless of corporate location, and FBAR reporting is mandatory.
The honest truth: incorporate in Panama for legitimate business, tax efficiency, and creditor protection. Don’t incorporate in Panama hoping for secrecy. That ship has sailed.
Common Mistakes When You Incorporate in Panama
I’ve seen these blunders cost people tens of thousands in wasted fees and missed tax planning.
Mistake 1: Incorporating Without Understanding Your Tax Residency
A Panama corporation doesn’t change your personal tax residency. If you’re a US citizen, you owe US tax on worldwide income no matter what. If you’re a UK resident, the UK will tax your worldwide income. Incorporating in Panama doesn’t fix that. You need residency planning, not just incorporation. Most people get this wrong and then blame Panama.
Mistake 2: Creating an SA When You Need a PPIF
If you’re trying to protect significant assets, a bare SA is weak. Creditors can sue the corporation, get a judgment, and seize assets. A PPIF shields assets from creditors entirely. The additional setup cost ($2,000 to $4,000) is worth every penny if you’re managing substantial wealth. Don’t cheap out here.
Mistake 3: Mixing Panama-Source and Foreign-Source Income Without Accounting Separation
The territorial tax advantage only works if you can prove which income is foreign-source and which is Panama-source. Sloppy accounting kills the benefit. You need separate cost centers, invoicing, and bank accounts if you’re doing both Panama and international business. Document it meticulously.
Mistake 4: Assuming You Can Hide Behind Nominee Directors
Nominee directors keep your name off the public registry. That’s all they do. They don’t create privacy. CRS and FATCA reporting requirements mean the actual beneficial owner (you) is still disclosed to authorities. Nominees cost $150 per year for privacy theater that doesn’t exist anymore.
Mistake 5: Skipping the Compliance Calendar
Miss your June 30 franchise tax deadline and your corporation lapses. Miss your annual financial filing deadline and you face penalties. These deadlines are real and inflexible. Set calendar reminders. Hire an accountant if you can’t manage it yourself. The $150 to $300 annual accounting cost is cheap insurance.
FAQ: Everything Else About Incorporating in Panama
What’s the difference between an SA and an SRL when you incorporate in Panama?
An SA (Sociedad Anónima) is Panama’s corporation structure and is the standard choice. An SRL (Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada) is simpler but less recognized internationally. Both offer limited liability. Choose SA if you’re doing international business. Choose SRL only for special-purpose holding entities or small domestic operations.
Can I incorporate in Panama with zero shareholders?
No. An SA requires at least one shareholder. However, that shareholder can be another corporation, a foundation, or a nominee. Many people incorporate in Panama and place the corporation’s shares inside a PPIF foundation, which then owns the corporation. This creates the structure without exposing personal ownership.
How long does it actually take to incorporate in Panama?
The legal process is 5 to 10 business days. Your formation agent handles most of it. The biggest wildcard is banking. Opening a bank account after you incorporate in Panama can take 4 to 8 weeks because of KYC documentation requirements. The incorporation itself is fast. Banking is slow.
Do I pay corporate tax when I incorporate in Panama?
Only on Panama-source income. Foreign-source income is taxed at 0%. That’s the whole point. If your corporation earns all its revenue internationally and has no Panama-based operations, you pay exactly zero corporate income tax. You do pay the $300 annual franchise tax, but that’s flat and non-negotiable.
What is a Private Interest Foundation and why incorporate in Panama with one?
A PPIF is a separate legal entity (not a corporation) that holds assets for your benefit. Assets inside the foundation are protected from your creditors. Foreign-source income earned by foundation assets is tax-exempt. The typical structure is a PPIF holding the shares of an SA corporation. This combines corporate tax benefits with creditor shielding. It costs more to set up (add $2,000 to $4,000) but is worth the investment for significant wealth.
Can I incorporate in Panama and hide my identity?
No. Not anymore. Bearer shares are immobilized. Nominee directors keep your name off the public registry. If asset protection is your goal, use a PPIF.
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What happens if I incorporate in Panama and don’t pay my franchise tax?
Your corporation’s status lapses and it loses legal standing. You cannot do business, sign contracts, or hold bank accounts. The corporation is effectively dead until you reinstate it and pay back fees. The franchise tax ($300) is non-negotiable. Set a calendar reminder for June 30 every year.
Can I incorporate in Panama as a US citizen?
Yes, absolutely. US citizens can incorporate in Panama. But understand: you still owe US income tax on your worldwide income, including the corporation’s income. FATCA and FBAR reporting are mandatory. Incorporating in Panama doesn’t reduce your US tax liability. It’s useful for international operations and creditor protection, but not tax evasion. Consult a tax professional before you incorporate in Panama if you’re a US person.
How much does it cost to maintain a Panama corporation annually?
The bare minimum is $450 to $600: franchise tax ($300) plus resident agent fee ($150 to $300). If you use nominee directors, add $150 per director. If you hire a local accountant, add $150 to $500. Most people budget $500 to $800 annually for a simple SA with no additional frills.
Can I incorporate in Panama remotely without traveling there?
Yes. Your formation agent handles everything. You provide documents remotely, they arrange notarization, and file with authorities. You never need to travel to Panama to incorporate. The only situation where travel might be necessary is opening a corporate bank account, and even that is increasingly possible remotely now.
What kind of business restrictions exist when you incorporate in Panama?
Panama prohibits corporations from operating as banks, trust companies, insurance firms, or investment funds without special licensing. Beyond that, you can run virtually any commercial business. You cannot engage in illegal activity anywhere in the world. Beyond those limits, Panama is permissive on business purpose.
Do I need an accountant if I incorporate in Panama?
Not legally required if your corporation is simple and has no Panama-source income. You must maintain records and file annual statements, but you can do it yourself. If you’re mixing Panama and foreign-source income or expect audits, hire an accountant familiar with Panamanian law. The cost ($150 to $500 annually) is cheap insurance against mistakes.
Can I transfer my existing business into a Panama corporation?
Yes. You can sell or transfer assets to a Panama corporation you own. The specifics depend on your current entity type and tax residency. Asset transfers can trigger tax consequences in your home country. Plan this carefully with a tax advisor before you execute it. Simply incorporating in Panama and moving assets into the new corporation without proper structuring can create unnecessary tax bills.
Final Thoughts: Should You Incorporate in Panama?
Panama remains a legitimate, tax-efficient jurisdiction to incorporate in if you meet the criteria: you’ve got international business, foreign-source income, or significant assets to protect. The territorial tax advantage is real. The formation timeline is fast. The cost is reasonable.
Panama offers a working offshore structure that reduces your tax bill legally, protects your assets from creditors, and gives you geographic diversification on your business. Those are real benefits. They just require legitimate business purpose and transparent operations.
If you’re considering incorporating in Panama as part of a broader international strategy, a strategy call with someone who’s helped hundreds of people through this makes sense. The mistake cost of getting this wrong outweighs the call cost by orders of magnitude. Start there. Then decide whether to move forward.
Looking deeper into asset protection strategies, learning about offshore company formation alternatives, or understanding territorial tax systems in Latin America will round out your framework. If you’re serious about international business structure, read about South American tax havens and compare Panama against other jurisdictions. For long-term planning, consider how golden visas and citizenship by descent fit into your overall freedom strategy. And if you’re already based internationally, explore leaving America pathways if that’s relevant to your situation.
Sources and References
- Panama Public Registry (Registro Público), Official Registry and Incorporation Records
- PwC Panama, Panama Tax Summary and Territorial Tax System
- Colon Free Zone, Official Free Zone Authority and Operations
- Panama Ministry of Commerce and Industries, Corporate Formation Requirements and Procedures
- Law 25 of 1995, Private Interest Foundation Legislation
- Law 18 of 2015, Bearer Share Immobilization and Corporate Transparency Reforms
- Common Reporting Standard (CRS) Implementation in Panama, Automatic Exchange of Financial Information
- Panama Banking Supervision Authority, Financial Institution Compliance and KYC Requirements